National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU) was first founded as Taiwan Provincial Teachers College on June 5, 1946, situated in the former site of Taipei High School, which was built during the Japanese occupancy. Hence, the office of the Dean of Taiwan Supervision at the time devoted a lot of strength to the building construction and design. Later the campus was expanded and utilized as the school premises of Taiwan Provincial Teachers College. On June 5, 1955, Taiwan Provincial Teachers College was promoted to be a university. Then the university became a national institution on July 1, 1967, and started to bear its present title.

As established, the NTNU buildings only included the two Gothic buildings, the Auditorium, the building of Physics and Chemistry (removed), the Gymnasium (removed) inherited from the Taipei High School. The extension of the colleges and departments and the increasing number of the student population had made the university start to raise funds to purchase lands and to develop the long-term scheme of the campus for adapting the instructional needs.

The remodeling of the school buildings focused on developing and maintaining a unique character - to meld the past and present and to build the rapport of the existing ancient-style buildings and the modern buildings. An addition of multi-purpose buildings in the development of the new campus accommodated the practical and educational needs of the university. Therefore, within forty-six years after the university had been established, 37 buildings, including the new buildings for College of Sciences in the branch campus (Kung-Kuan), had been erected.

During the years of 1950 and 1951, NTNU purchased lands from Taiwan Provincial Government for the construction of library and student dormitories. In 1966 (during the phase of Taiwan Provincial University), regarding the fact that the capacity of the classrooms and dormitories could not satisfy the number of the students, the university inquired another campus at Kung-Kuan, which is the branch campus now.